Revista de comunicación política e institucional

No. 45 (2021): The political gap and causes of its growth: the case of Spain
Articles

Affective polarization, negative partisanship and perceptual gap. A theoretical approach

PDF (Español (España))
Ismael Crespo Martínez
University of Murcia
Antonio Garrido Rubia
University of Murcia
M. Antonia Martínez Rodríguez
University of Murcia
Alberto Mora Rodríguez
Universidad de Murcia

Keywords

  • Polarización,
  • brecha,
  • confianza,
  • democracia
  • Polarization,
  • gap,
  • trust,
  • democracy

How to Cite

Crespo Martínez , I., Garrido Rubia , A., Martínez Rodríguez , M. A., & Mora Rodríguez, A. (2021). Affective polarization, negative partisanship and perceptual gap. A theoretical approach. Más Poder Local, (45), 7-20. Retrieved from https://www.maspoderlocal.com/index.php/mpl/article/view/polarizacion-afectiva-aproximacion-teorica-mpl45

Copyright (c) 2021 ALBERTO MORA RODRÍGUEZ, Ismael Crespo Martínez , Antonio Garrido Rubia , M. Antonia Martínez Rodríguez

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Abstract

In contemporary societies there is a development of feelings of animosity and polarization between opposing groups. Gaps are being created that not only have repercussions in the social sphere. It also has relevant consequences for the normal development of the political and institutional activity of societies and for democratic quality. This article advances in the conceptualization of the term “polarization”, as well as the alternatives to its form of measurement and methodological approach.

PDF (Español (España))

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Abramowitz, A. y McCoy, J. (2019): «United States: Racial Resentment, Negative Partisanship, and Polarization in Trump’s America». The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 681(1): 137-156.
  2. Abramowitz, A. I. y Webster, S. (2016): «The rise of negative partisanship and the nationalization of U.S. elections in the 21st century». Electoral Studies, 41: 12-22. doi: 10.1016/j.electstud. 2015.11.001
  3. Agencia Efe (2019): «Felipe González: estoy incómodo porque España está abriendo su propia grieta». Recuperado de: https://www.efe.com/efe/espana/politica/felipe-gonzalez-estoy-incomodo-porque-espana-esta-abriendo-su-propia-grieta/10002-4121832
  4. Arcenaux, K. y Johnson, M. (2013): Changing Minds or Changing Channels? Partisan News in an Age of Choice. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  5. Bankert, A.; Huddy, L. y Rosema, M. (2017): «Measuring partisanship as a social identity in multiparty systems». Political behaviour, 39 (1): 103-132.
  6. Boxell, L.; Gentzkow, M. y Shapiro, J. M. (2017): «Greater Internet Use is Not Associated with Faster Growth in Political Polarization Among U.S. Demographic Groups». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114: 10612-10617.
  7. Dalton, R. J.; McAllister, I. y Wattenberg, M. P. (2002): «The consecuencies of partisan dealignments». En R. J. Dalton y M. P. Wattenberg (eds.): Parties without Partisans. Political Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies. Oxford: Oxford UP.
  8. Druckman, J. N.; Klar, S.; Krupnikov, Y.; Levendusky, M. S. y Barry Ryan, J. (2019): The Illusion of Affective Polarization (working paper): Institute for Policy Research (Northwestern). Recupe-rado de: https://www.ipr.northwestern.edu/our-work/working-papers/2019/wp-19-25.html
  9. Druckman, J. N. y Levendusky, M. S. (2019): «What do we measure when we measure affective polarization?». Public Opinion Quarterly, 83(1): 114-122.
  10. Garrido, A.; Martínez, M. A. y Mora, A. (2020): «Monarquía y opinión pública en España durante la crisis: el desempeño de una institución no responsable bajo estrés». Revista Española de Ciencia Política, 52: 121-145. doi: 10.21308/recp.52.05
  11. Gidron N.; Adams, J. y Horne, W. (2018): How Ideology, Economics and Institutions Shape Affective Polarization in Democratic Polities. APSA Annual Meeting (working paper). Boston: American Political Science Association.
  12. Gidron, N.; Adams, J. y Horne, W. (2019): «Toward a comparative research agenda on affective polarization in mass publics». APSA Comparative Politics Newsletter, XXIX(1): 30-36.
  13. Hernández, E.; Anduiza, E. y Rico, G. (2020): Affective polarization and the salience of elections. Electoral Studies, 69. Recuperado de: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S026137942030086X?via%3Dihub. doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2020.102203
  14. Hetherington, M. J. y Rudolph, T. J. (2015): Why Washington won’t work. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  15. Hetherington, M. J. y Rudolph, T. J. (2018): «Political Trust and Polarization». En E. Uslaner (ed.):
  16. The Oxford Handbook of Social and Political Trust. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274801. 001.0001.
  17. Huddy, L.; Mason, L. y Aarøe, L. (2015): «Expressive Partisanship: Campaign Involvement, Political Emotion, and Partisan Identity». American Political Science Review, 109(1): 1-17.
  18. Iyengar S.; Sood, G. y Lelkes, Y. (2012): «Affect, not ideology: a social identity perspective on polarization». Public Opinion Quarterly, 76(3): 405-431.
  19. Iyengar, S. y Westwood, S. J. (2015): «Fear and loathing across party lines: New evidence on group polarization». American Journal of Political,59(3): 690-707.
  20. Iyengar, S. y Krupenkin, M. (2018): «Partisanship as Social Identity; Implications for the Study of Party Polarization». The Forum, 16(1): 23-45.
  21. Iyengar, S.; Lelkes, Y.; Levendusky, M.; Malhotra, N. y Westwood, S. J. (2019): «The Origins and Consequences of Affective Polarization in the United States». Annual Review of Political Science, 22: 129-146.
  22. Kalin, M. y Sambanis, N. (2018): «How to think about social identity». Annual Review of Political Science, 21: 239-257.
  23. Klein, E. (2020): Why we’re polarized. Londres: Profile Books.
  24. Lauka, A.; McCoy, J. y Firat, R. B. (2018): «Mass partisan polarization: measuring a relational concepto». American Behavioral Scientist, 62(1): 107-126.
  25. Lelkes, Y. (2016): «Mass polarization: manifestations and measurements». Public Opinion Quarterly, 80(1): 392-410.
  26. Lelkes, Y.; Sood, G. e Iyengar, S. (2017): «The hostile audience: The effect of access to broad-band internet on partisan affect». American Journal of Political Science, 61(1): 5-20.
  27. Levendusky, M. S. (2013): «Partisan media exposure and attitudes toward the opposition». Political Commun, 30(4): 565–81.
  28. Levendusky, M. S. (2018): «Americans, not partisans: Can priming American national identity reduce affective polarization?» The Journal of Politics, 80(1): 59-70.
  29. Levendusky, M. S. y Malhotra, N. (2016): «Does media coverage of partisan polarization affect political attitudes?» Political Commun, 33(2): 283-301.
  30. Lipset, S. M. y Rokkan, S. (1967): Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-National Perspectives. New York: Free Press.
  31. Lupu, N. (2015): «Party polarization and mass partisanship: a comparative perspective». Political Behavior, 37(2): 331-356.
  32. Mason, L. (2015): «I disrespectfully agree: the differential effects of partisan sorting on social and issue polarization». American Journal of Political Science, 59(1): 128-145.
  33. Mason, L. (2016): «A Cross-Cutting Calm: How Social Sorting Drives Affective Polarization». Public Opinion Quarterly, 80(1): 351-377.
  34. McCoy, J. y Simonotivs, G. (2020): «Democratic hypocrisy: Polarized citizens support democracy-eroding behavior when their own party is in power» (working paper). APSA Annual Meeting.
  35. McCoy, J. y Somer, M. (2019): «Toward a theory of pernicious polarization and how it harms democracies: comparative evidence and possible remedies». The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 681(1): 234-271.
  36. Michelitch, K. y Utych, S. (2018): «Electoral cycle fluctuations in partisanship: global evidence from eighty-six countries». The Journal of Politics, 80(2): 412-427.
  37. Mounk, Y. (2018): The people vs. democracy. Why our freedom is in danger & how to save it. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.